Step 1: Divide the number into separate digits:
05334 => 0 5 3 3 4
Step 2: Calculate the distance between each digit and the next (the last digit with the first):
0 to 5 = 5
5 to 3 = 2
3 to 3 = 0
3 to 4 = 1
4 to 0 = 4
Step 3: Combine the filters to a string:
5 2 0 1 4 = 52014