Step 1: Divide the number into separate digits:
59054 => 5 9 0 5 4
Step 2: Calculate the distance between each digit and the next (the last digit with the first):
5 to 9 = 4
9 to 0 = 9
0 to 5 = 5
5 to 4 = 1
4 to 5 = 1
Step 3: Combine the filters to a string:
4 9 5 1 1 = 49511